How Does an Electric Wheelchair Work? Components, Functions & Uses

An electric wheelchair uses rechargeable batteries to power the motorized wheels. The user can control the movements using a joystick or other controllers. Electric wheelchairs have revolutionized mobility by offering complete independence and ease of movement. Unlike manual wheelchairs, electric wheelchairs use advanced technology. It helps people with disabilities navigate indoor and outdoor places smoothly and effortlessly. These electric wheelchairs are commonly known as power wheelchairs or motorized wheelchairs. Familiarize yourself with parts, features, and models of electric wheelchairs before purchase. Manafeth Mobility Solutions offers electric wheelchairs with comfort, functionality, and durability in mind.

In this blog, let’s explore the components, mechanisms, and uses of electric wheelchairs. Whether you are a beginner or looking for an upgrade, this guide will help you make an informed decision.

How an Electric Wheelchair Works

An electric wheelchair operates through a motor, battery, and joystick for safe mobility. Here’s how wheelchair components contribute to its functionality:

Structural Components

The electric wheelchairs are constructed with a lightweight frame providing strength and weight. Their rigid designs and folding features ensure stability and enhance portability. The wheels of an electric wheelchair vary by terrain. If you require an electric wheelchair for indoor use only, solid wheels are ideal for you. If you are an outdoor explorer, pneumatic wheelchairs are the perfect choice.

These power chairs are equipped with a suspension system that absorbs shocks. Electric wheelchairs have ergonomically designed seats that feature adjustable cushions. It provides backrests for proper support, with customizable footrests to accommodate different needs.

Power System

The electric wheelchairs are operated with motors and batteries. Lithium-ion batteries (24V-48V) of electric wheelchairs deliver reliable energy for optimal performance. These power chairs have brushless motors of 200- 1000W for quiet propulsion.

Together! They enable the smooth ride of an electric wheelchair with an extended range of 10-25 miles. We provide high-performing batteries to ensure safe extended rides in a single charge.

Control System

The control system is like the wheelchair’s command system. Electric wheelchairs have with easy-to-use joystick that lets you move in any direction. These power chairs also have smart controls to adjust the speed automatically. For enhanced safety and protection, these electric wheelchairs feature an intelligent braking system. You can tilt or recline the seat of your power wheelchair by pressing a button to ensure a comfortable ride.

Safety Features

The safety system of electric wheelchairs works like a protective guardian. These electric wheelchairs have anti-tip wheels that prevent tipping backwards. With a smart braking system, you can stop your wheelchair smoothly, even at full speed.

The smart sensors of powerchairs detect edges or obstacles to ensure a seamless ride. These features give you confidence while keeping your rides smooth and secure. Safety of the disabled and elderly is the priority of Manafeth Mobility Solutions. That’s why we offer a wide range of powerchairs with advanced safety features.

Features of an Electric Wheelchair

Component	Function	Manafeth Features
Frame	Provides structure and durability	Lightweight, foldable, rigid designs
Motors	Powers movement	Efficient DC and brushless motors
Batteries	Provides energy	Long-lasting lithium-ion and lead-acid options
Controller	User interface for movement	Joystick, sip-and-puff, or touchscreen options
Wheels	Maintain stability and traction	Customized for terrain adaptability
Suspension System	Absorbs shocks	Independent suspension for smoother rides
Comfort Features	Ensure user comfort	Cushions, adjustable footrests, reclining seats
Safety Features	Protect users	Brakes, sensors, tilt locks, anti-tip mechanisms

Components of an Electric Wheelchair

The Frame

The frame provides structural support, durability, and overall design integrity for electric wheelchair. It influences the chair’s weight, stability, and portability while ensuring long-term reliability. There is a wide variety of wheelchair frames available on the market. Here we enlist some for you to get a better understanding.

Material Options

• Aluminum: Aluminum frames are lightweight and strong, offering corrosion resistance for daily use. They balance durability with easy maneuverability.
• Steel: Steel frames, known for ruggedness, are heavier but extremely durable. This material is suitable for manual wheelchairs and heavy-duty electric wheelchairs.
• Titanium: Titanium has lightweight properties with high strength. It’s ideal for high-performance wheelchairs to offer superior longevity and resistance to wear.
• Carbon Fiber: Ultra-lightweight and strong, carbon fiber is an ultra-lightweight and strong material. It is used in advanced models of electric wheelchairs for its vibration-dampening qualities.

Design Types

• Foldable Frames: The foldable electric wheelchair is ideal for storage and transport. These frames collapse easily that making them the perfect solution for frequent travel. We offer a range of folding electric wheelchairs, so you can choose one that suits your needs best.
• Rigid Frames: There are electric wheelchairs that are built for stability and efficiency. These rigid frames provide a smoother ride with fewer moving parts. If you spend most of your time in a wheelchair and travel less, then these frames are perfect for you. Looking for an electric wheelchair? Manafeth Mobility Solutions is your go-to place.

Additional Features

• Balanced Weight Distribution: These wheelchairs have soft cushioned seats and adjustable features. Our power wheelchairs provide comfort and prevent tipping on slopes or uneven terrain.
• Aesthetic Customizations: At Manafeth Mobility Solutions, you can customize any electric wheelchair. We offer customization solutions as per your requirements and preferences.

Benefits of Material

Material	Benefits	Best for Users
Aluminum	Lightweight and portable	Frequent travelers or active users
Steel	Extremely durable, affordable	Heavy-duty daily use
Titanium	Light and corrosion-resistant	Long-term and outdoor users
Carbon Fiber	Lightweight and visually appealing	Premium product seekers

The Motors

The motor provides smooth and controlled movement by converting electrical energy. It controls speed and ensures users can navigate various terrains with ease.

Motor Features

• DC Motors: Some electric wheelchairs have cost-effective DC motors with moderate efficiency.
• Brushless Motors: Another option for motor of wheelchair is brushless motors. These motors are advanced, quieter, and more efficient as compared to DC motors. Brushless motors require less maintenance and deliver longer lifespans for enhanced convenience.

Motor Specifications

• Power Ratings: These (200–1000W) motors offer better hill-climbing ability and load capacity.
• Speed & Torque: Electric wheelchairs provide balanced acceleration and stability, even on rough surfaces.

Motor Placement

• Rear-Wheel Drive (RWD): It offers stability at higher speeds and better traction outdoors.
• Mid-Wheel Drive (MWD): It enhances maneuverability in tight spaces, ideal for indoor use.
• Front-Wheel Drive (FWD): It provides a tighter turning radius but are less stable on slopes.

Drive Configurations

• Single Motor: Single motor wheelchairs are simpler and more affordable. This is suitable for standard mobility needs.
• Dual Motors: These dual motors deliver power distribution and adaptability for uneven terrain.

Type of Drive	Advantages	Best For
Rear-Wheel Drive	Stability, outdoor use	Active outdoor users
Mid-Wheel Drive	Tight controls, easy turning	Compact indoor environments
Front-Wheel Drive	Maneuverability on uneven terrain	Rural or mixed-use environments

Batteries

The battery is the energy source that keeps your electric wheelchair moving. It determines how far you can travel on a single charge. Selecting the right battery type can ensure reliable, long-lasting power for daily use.

Battery Types

• Lead-Acid: Lead-acid batteries of electric wheelchairs require regular maintenance. This type of battery is ideal for budget-conscious users, with a lifespan of up to 2 years.
• Lithium-Ion: Lithium-Ion batteries that provide better performance and require minimal upkeep. These batteries offer faster charging and energy efficiency with a lifespan of 3-5 years.

Battery Specifications

• Capacity: With a higher capacity of 12Ah to 50Ah, you can travel longer distances.
• Voltage: 24V and 36V voltage systems deliver more power. It can improve the speed and hill-climbing ability of an electric wheelchair.
• Range: The standard driving range is 8–20 miles per charge. But it varies depending on battery type, terrain, and user weight.

Charging Features

• Recharge Time: Lithium-ion batteries charge faster in only 4–6 hours. On the other hand, the lead-acid takes 8–10 hours for charging.
• Overcharge Protection: Most electric wheelchairs are equipped with smart systems. It prevents damage tothe battery by stopping charging once full.
• Maintenance: Lithium-ion requires little maintenance, while lead-acid needs weekly water refilling. At Manafeth Mobility Solutions! You can find a variety of powerchairs with a lithium-ion battery or a lead acid battery. You can choose the one that suits your preferences.

Battery Specifications	Lead-Acid	Lithium-Ion
Lifespan	1-2 years	3-5 years
Weight	Heavier	Lightweight
Charging Time	8-12 hours	4-6 hours
Cost	Lower	Higher

Controller

The controller is a programmable component on electric wheelchairs to steer the powerchair. It ensures smooth, effortless control of the electric wheelchair while offering customizable features.

Controller Types

• Joystick: The most common control type of electric wheelchair is joystick control. It allows simple directional movement with variable speed control for people with disabilities. The joystick can be customized in most of the electric wheelchairs. It could be mounted on both arms of powerchairs.
• Sip-and-Puff Controls: The sip-and-puff controls are ideal for people with limited hand mobility. It enables operation of electric wheelchairs through gentle breath commands.
• Touchscreen Controllers: In most advanced electric wheelchairs, you can get touchscreen controllers. These are modern, customizable interfaces with adjustable sensitivity for personalized use.

Key Features

• Programmable Settings: You can only adjust speed, acceleration, and braking. You can also tilt and recline backrests for optimal comfort.
• Safety Enhancements: Our Electric wheelchairs have automatic braking, obstacle alerts, and anti-tip. You can ride our powerchair with extra peace of mind.
• Accessibility Options: We understand that unique problems require unique solutions. Electric wheelchairs that offer head arrays, chin controls, or eye-tracking for diverse needs.

The Wheels

Let’s move to the most prominent and important wheelchair component: wheels. The wheels are crucial for stability, comfort, and a smooth electric wheelchair ride. The right wheel package enhances maneuverability while absorbing shocks for a stable ride.

Wheel Types

• Solid Rubber Wheels: The most durable type of wheels are puncture-proof, solid wheels. These wheels offer a stress-free, smooth ride in an indoor setting and even surface. Solid rubber tires are maintenance-free and offer a long ride with peace of mind.
• Pneumatic Tires: The air-filled wheels offer a comfortable and smooth ride outdoors. These tires provide better shock absorption and traction, perfect for uneven terrain.
• Wheel Configurations
• Rear Wheels: These wheels offer stability and power, especially for rear-wheel-drive wheelchair models.
• Front (Caster) Wheels: These wheels improve turning radius and indoor maneuverability.
• Mid-Wheel Drive: It enhances swiftness with a tighter turning radius for tight spaces.

Tread Options

• Smooth Tread: It ensures quiet and effortless rolling that is best for indoor use.
• Knobby Tread: It is designed for outdoor traction to grip uneven or slippery surfaces.

Comfort Features

A comfortable wheelchair seat is essential to make daily mobility more pleasant and seamless. It reduces fatigue and prevents pressure sores to ensure proper support for long-term use.

Seats

• Cushion Types: Electric wheelchairs come with variety of cushions for people with disabilities. There are options like foam, gel, air, or hybrid cushions for pressure relief and comfort.
• Adjustability: Electric wheelchairs offer height, depth, tilt, and recline adjustability. Explore our range of electric wheelchairs and find a perfect fit for your posture.

Footrests & Armrests

• Adjustable Options: Power wheelchairs have adjustable height and angles for leg and arm support.
• Padded Surfaces: With a padded surface on seat, electric wheelchairs reduce pressure points.
• Swing-Away/Removable Designs: Adjustable and removable armrests make entry and exit easier.

Upholstery

• Breathable Fabrics: The breathable fabric on the seat stays cool during rides.
• Water-Resistant Covers: Water-resistant covers protect the seat from spills and moisture.

Feature Category	Specific Features	Benefits
Seats	Foam, Gel, Air, Combination Cushions	Provides tailored cushioning to reduce pressure points.
Seats	Adjustable height, depth, tilt, and recline	Ensures ergonomic positioning and user customization.
Footrests and Armrests	Adjustable options	Accommodates various user needs and improves accessibility.
Footrests and Armrests	Padded surfaces	Adds comfort during prolonged use.
Footrests and Armrests	Swing-away or removable designs	Facilitates easier transfers and mobility.
Upholstery	Breathable fabrics	Enhances airflow for user comfort.
Upholstery	Water-resistant covers	Protects against spills and increases durability.

Brakes

Wheelchair brakes ensure safety, stability, and precise control for disabled people. Automatic braking systems ensure smooth stops and prevent rollaways on slopes or uneven terrain.

Types of Brakes

• Regenerative braking: This system converts braking energy back into battery power. While slowing down the electric wheelchair smoothly to improve efficiency and range.
• Mechanical brakes: This type of brake provides reliable friction-based stopping power. Mechanical brakes serve as a backup system or for secure parking.
• Parking lock: Parking locks engage automatically when the wheelchair is not moving. With these locks, you can hold wheels securely on inclines or during transfers.

Key Benefits

• Anti-slip stability: Electric wheelchairs from Manafeth Mobility Solutions are equipped with anti-slip wheels. It prevents unintended movement, even on wet or slippery surfaces, for maximum safety.
• Emergency braking: Emergency brakes automatically activate during sudden stops or obstacles.

Feature	Description	Benefits
Wheelchair Accessibility	Adjustable seat height	Facilitates easier transfers and enhances usability.
Safety Features	Anti-tip wheels	Provides stability and prevents tipping.
Battery Efficiency	Long-lasting battery life	Reduces the need for frequent charging, offering convenience.
Portability	Foldable frame	Simplifies transportation and storage.
Comfort	Ergonomic design	Improves user posture and reduces strain during prolonged use.

Suspension System

A quality wheelchair suspension system is vital to ensure comfortable movement across various surfaces outdoors. It absorbs shocks and vibrations to reduce user fatigue and protects the wheelchair’s components from unnecessary wear.

Types of Suspension

• Front Suspension: Front wheel suspension absorbs impacts from small obstacles and uneven terrain.
• Rear Suspension: Rear suspensions enhance stability and traction in rear-wheel-drive electric wheelchairs. You can enjoy a seamless ride on your power wheelchairs on rough terrains.
• Independent Suspension: This suspension offers the most advanced shock absorption. It allows each wheel to move separately on bumpy surfaces.

Key Benefits

• Superior Comfort: Electric wheelchairs are equipped with front and rear suspensions. They minimize vibrations and impacts of obstacles for a more pleasant ride.
• Reduced Fatigue: The electric wheelchair users experience less physical strain during prolonged use. They offer smooth rides on bumps and rough surfaces.
• Lower Maintenance: These suspensions decrease stress on the frame and components. That automatically extends the wheelchair’s lifespan.

Feature	Description	Benefits
Folding Mechanism	Allows the wheelchair to fold compactly	Easier storage and transport
Adjustable Armrests	Armrests that can be repositioned	Improved customization and comfort
Quick-Release Wheels	Wheels that can be easily detached	Simplifies transport and maintenance
Anti-Tip Mechanism	Prevents the wheelchair from tipping over	Ensures safety for the user

Charging Port

Electric wheelchairs need to be fully charged to function properly. That’s why charging port of your power wheelchair should provide convenient and reliable power supply for uninterrupted mobility. Charging ports of electric wheelchairs are designed to ensure safe energy transfer to the battery of your powerchair to enhance battery life for long term daily use.

Location & Accessibility

Charging ports on electric wheelchairs are strategically placed for easy access. In most of the models of power wheelchairs, charging ports are located under the seat of the chair. They are placed on the rear frame to enhance the convenience of charging.

• Magnetic connectors: There’re options of universal or magnetic connectors available in electric wheelchairs. You can choose as per your requirements.
• Weather-resistance: Our electric wheelchairs have weather-resistant features for safe outdoor charging capability.
• Charging Indicators: The LED lights display if the power wheelchair is fully charged.
• Safety Features: These power wheelchairs have an overcharge protector once it reaches 100%. Their battery the charging ports feature short-circuit prevention systems with surge-protected circuits.

Feature	Description	Benefit
Armrests	Adjustable height	Provides ergonomic support for different users.
Armrests	Flip-back design	Facilitates easier transfers to and from the wheelchair.
Footrests	Swing-away functionality	Enables unobstructed movement and transfers.
Footrests	Adjustable length	Accommodates users of various heights.
Wheels	Anti-tipping mechanism	Enhances stability and prevents accidents.
Wheels	Puncture-resistant tires	Reduces maintenance and ensures durability.

Safety Features of Electric Wheelchairs

Safety features are essential to prevent accidents before they happen. So, you can ride your electric wheelchair with extra peace of mind.

[An image illustrating the key safety features of electric wheelchairs, such as anti-tip mechanisms, seatbelts and harnesses, obstacle sensors, and emergency stop functions.]

Anti-Tip Mechanisms

The anti-tip wheels of power chairs prevent the wheelchair from tipping backward. They add stability on slopes and uneven surfaces and keep users safe during the ride.

Seatbelts and Harnesses

The electric wheelchairs are equipped with secure seatbelts and adjustable harnesses. These features keep users firmly in place and reduce the risk of slipping or falling.

Obstacle Sensors

Our powerchairs have collision sensors that detect obstacles in the path. They help people with disabilities avoid sudden impacts by stopping the chair automatically.

Emergency Stop Functions

The emergency stop feature of electric wheelchairs lets users stop the wheelchair instantly. It helps to avoid accidents in unexpected situations.

Safety Components	Function
Anti-tip Wheels	Stabilizes the wheelchair
Sensors	Detects and avoids obstacles
Seatbelt	Prevents slipping or falling

Functions of an Electric Wheelchair

Navigate Tight Indoor Spaces Easily

Electric wheelchairs from Manafeth Mobility Solutions have compact design and responsive controls. It allows smooth movement of powerchair through narrow hallways and doorways.

Outdoor Adaptability

These electric wheelchairs have specialized wheels and powerful motors. It ensures performance on varying terrains.

Speed and Direction Control

With intuitive joysticks and programmable controllers, electric wheelchairs give users precise control.

User Independence and Comfort

Electric wheelchairs offer adjustable seating, ergonomic design, and customizable settings

Why Choose Manafeth Mobility Solutions?

Manafeth Mobility Solutions provides high-quality, customizable electric wheelchairs. These powerchairs are designed to provide long-term comfort to people with disabilities.

Customization Options

Manafeth is here to deliver you perfect fit for your needs. We offer electric wheelchairs that can be tailored according to your preferences.

Top-Quality Materials

We make sure you get what’s best. Our electric wheelchairs are built with aluminum frames and have premium components.

Expert Support

Manafeth does not leave you alone at any point. We offer end-to-end assistance, from selection to after-sales care.

Innovative Features

All our electric wheelchairs have advanced technology, such as joystick controllers.

Conclusion

Manafeth Mobility Solutions understands the importance of freedom of movement. That’s why we have electric wheelchairs designed for comfort, safety, and independence. Whether you’re looking for a model that handles busy city streets of Dubai or at home, we have something for you.

Our team will guide you through every step, from choosing the right features to aftercare. Visit our website www.manafethme.com today! Explore our full range of electric wheelchairs, or give us a call for more information.